Android Log 訊息 - Bugreport

序

當一個人生病去看醫生，會說出症狀，醫生或做一些檢測來確認引起不良反應的原因。對於一個Android的裝置也一樣。在開發過程中，工程開發人員常會發現一些問題。這時候需要檢測裝置的發生原因。因此可以透過Android的內部紀錄訊息來檢測發生甚麼問題導致不良因素。

從何處下手?

Android 內有提供一個指令，稱為bugreport。可以透過指令adb bugreport  adb shell bugreport來取得Bugreport中的資訊。使用這個指令取得Android 4.1的模擬器內的bugreport可得到以下的六十八種紀錄訊息。這些訊息可以用來診斷Android目前的健康情況。

UPTIME (uptime)

MEMORY INFO (/proc/meminfo)

CPU INFO (top -n 1 -d 1 -m 30 -t)

PROCRANK (procrank)

VIRTUAL MEMORY STATS (/proc/vmstat)

VMALLOC INFO (/proc/vmallocinfo)

SLAB INFO (/proc/slabinfo)

ZONEINFO (/proc/zoneinfo)

PAGETYPEINFO (/proc/pagetypeinfo)

BUDDYINFO (/proc/buddyinfo)

KERNEL WAKELOCKS (/proc/wakelocks)

KERNEL CPUFREQ (/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/stats/time_in_state)

PROCESSES (ps -P)

PROCESSES AND THREADS (ps -t -p -P)

LIBRANK (librank)

KERNEL LOG (dmesg)

LIST OF OPEN FILES (/system/xbin/su root lsof)

SMAPS OF ALL PROCESSES

SHOW MAP 1 (/init) (/system/xbin/su root showmap 1)

BLOCKED PROCESS WAIT-CHANNELS

SYSTEM LOG (logcat -v threadtime -d *:v)

EVENT LOG (logcat -b events -v threadtime -d *:v)

RADIO LOG (logcat -b radio -v threadtime -d *:v)

VM TRACES JUST NOW (/data/anr/traces.txt.bugreport: 2012-10-17 08:21:46)

VM TRACES AT LAST ANR (/data/anr/traces.txt: 2012-10-17 08:16:11)

NETWORK DEV INFO (/proc/net/dev)

QTAGUID NETWORK INTERFACES INFO (/proc/net/xt_qtaguid/iface_stat_all)

QTAGUID NETWORK INTERFACES INFO (xt) (/proc/net/xt_qtaguid/iface_stat_fmt)

QTAGUID CTRL INFO (/proc/net/xt_qtaguid/ctrl)

QTAGUID STATS INFO (/proc/net/xt_qtaguid/stats)

NETWORK ROUTES (/proc/net/route)

NETWORK ROUTES IPV6 (/proc/net/ipv6_route)

LAST KMSG (/proc/last_kmsg)

LAST PANIC CONSOLE (/data/dontpanic/apanic_console)

LAST PANIC THREADS (/data/dontpanic/apanic_threads)

SYSTEM SETTINGS (/system/xbin/su root sqlite3 /data/…

NETWORK INTERFACES (/system/xbin/su root netcfg)

IP RULES (ip rule show)

IP RULES v6 (ip -6 rule show)

ROUTE TABLE 60 (ip route show table 60)

ROUTE TABLE 61 v6 (ip -6 route show table 60)

ROUTE TABLE 61 (ip route show table 61)

ROUTE TABLE 61 v6 (ip -6 route show table 61)

ARP CACHE (/proc/net/arp)

IPTABLES (/system/xbin/su root iptables -L -nvx)

IP6TABLES (/system/xbin/su root ip6tables -L -nvx)

IPTABLE NAT (/system/xbin/su root iptables -t nat -L -nvx)

IPTABLE RAW (/system/xbin/su root iptables -t raw -L -nvx)

IP6TABLE RAW (/system/xbin/su root ip6tables -t raw -L -nvx)

WIFI NETWORKS (/system/xbin/su root wpa_cli list_networks)

SYSTEM PROPERTIES

VOLD DUMP (vdc dump)

SECURE CONTAINERS (vdc asec list)

FILESYSTEMS & FREE SPACE (/system/xbin/su root df)

PACKAGE SETTINGS (/system/xbin/su root cat /data/system/packages.xml)

PACKAGE UID ERRORS (/data/system/uiderrors.txt: 2012-10-15 02:30:29)

LAST RADIO LOG (parse_radio_log /proc/last_radio_log)

BACKLIGHTS

BINDER FAILED TRANSACTION LOG (/sys/kernel/debug/binder/failed_transaction_log)

BINDER TRANSACTION LOG (/sys/kernel/debug/binder/transaction_log)

BINDER TRANSACTIONS (/sys/kernel/debug/binder/transactions)

BINDER STATS (/sys/kernel/debug/binder/stats)

BINDER STATE (/sys/kernel/debug/binder/state)

DUMP VENDOR RIL LOGS (/system/xbin/su root vril-dump)

DUMPSYS (dumpsys)

APP ACTIVITIES (dumpsys activity all)

APP SERVICES (dumpsys activity service all)

APP SERVICES (dumpsys activity provider all)

在這些訊息中包含Android與Linux層的各種訊息，並能取得各種不同類別的訊息。例如，活動與事件、記憶體使用情形、系統狀態、射頻狀態，與網路狀態等。

值得探討的是，若產品是一個Android的手機或附有通訊功能的平板電腦。有些訊息包含電信通訊技術相關的底層訊息。這些訊息是通訊晶片與電信基定台的交換訊息。而在Bugreport的功能中可能無法傳遞這些訊息。需要特定的軟體或裝置去取得這些電信交換的訊息。